Basic Classification Of Metal Cleaning Agents

Classification of metal cleaning agents: 1. Acidic chemical cleaning agents; 2. Alkaline chemical cleaning agent; 3. Water based cleaning agent; 4. Semi aqueous cleaning agent; 5. Solvent based metal cleaning agent.
acidity
It refers to the chemical reaction that inorganic chemical reagents such as citric acid use their acidic chemical properties to cause oil pollution, as well as the chemical reaction with metals to release gas and promote the separation of oil pollution from metal surfaces. It is generally only used for cleaning black metals.
Acidic chemical cleaning agents have gradually been phased out and replaced due to their significant harm to the environment and human health.
alkalinity
Alkaline cleaning refers to cleaning with alkaline chemicals such as caustic soda. Utilize the dispersing effect of alkali on oil pollution to achieve the desired effect. It can also be cleaned at room temperature, but the cleaning effect is not very good. Electroplating factories usually use a temperature of about 80 degrees to clean.
Alkaline cleaning has limitations in cleaning oil stains.
a. For example, if there are holes or corners in general structural components, they cannot be thoroughly cleaned.
b. Some heavy oil stains and oil stains with high viscosity cannot be thoroughly cleaned.
c. Like acidic chemical cleaning, the cleaning process also involves chemical reactions with the metal substrate, so only black metals are cleaned, which has a corrosive effect on non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, and zinc and damages the product workpiece.
d. Heating is required, and the effect of room temperature cleaning and high temperature cleaning is closely related.
e. The harm to the human body is also significant, as it can corrode the skin and pose a risk of dissolution to the eyes.
f. Alkaline cleaning only has a good effect on animal and plant oil pollution, and has little effect on mineral oil.
Water-based type
Water based metal oil cleaning agents generally refer to cleaning agents composed of surfactants, cleaning aids, and deionized water in a certain proportion. Mainly neutral or weakly alkaline.
The main cleaning principle is to use the emulsifying, penetrating, dispersing, and anti redeposition abilities of surfactants to clean oil and dirt. Its main cleaning characteristics are:
a. Not only does it have good cleaning ability for animal and vegetable oils, but it also has a good cleaning effect on mineral oils. It has a wide range of applications.
b. There is no chemical impact on the metal substrate, and black and non-ferrous metals can be used.
c. Due to the strong permeability of active substances, they can thoroughly clean some structures, blind holes, dead corners, etc.
Semi aqueous base
Semi aqueous metal cleaning agents refer to cleaning agents that use water and solvents as cleaning media, utilizing the emulsification effect of active substances, and are formulated into water in oil or oil in water cleaning agents. Such as emulsified cleaning agents on the market, etc.
The promotion of semi aqueous cleaning agents in the market is relatively weak and their application is relatively limited. However, its cleaning ability combines the advantages of water-based cleaning agents and solvent cleaning agents. The main obstacle to its promotion is the cost factor.
Solvent type
Solvent based metal cleaning agents refer to organic solvents, commonly including traditional oil-based cleaning agents such as alcohol, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, white oil, trichloroethylene, etc. This type of cleaning agent also includes widely circulated hydrocarbon cleaning agents. The cleaning effect is good, but it cannot clean water-based dirt, such as fingerprints. Water based dirt must be cleaned with water-based or semi water-based cleaning agents.